 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Sains Malaysiana 52(9)(2023): 2513-2528
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5209-04
17 Years of Coastline Changes Observation in the
Northern Part of Rupat Island using Landsat 7 ETM + Time Series Imagery
(2000-2017); A Case Study of the Country’s Border between Indonesia - Malaysia
(Pemerhatian Perubahan Garis Pantai 17 Tahun di
Bahagian Utara Pulau Rupat menggunakan Landsat 7 ETM + Imej Siri Masa (2000-2017);
Suatu Kajian Kes Sempadan Negara antara Indonesia - Malaysia)
HUSNUL
KAUSARIAN1,*, AHMAD RIFAI BATUBARA2, PUJI ASTUTI2, JOSAPHAT TETUKO SRI
SUMANTYO3,4 & MUHAMMAD ZAINUDDIN LUBIS5
1Geological Engineering Program, Universitas Islam
Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
2Urban and Regional Planning
Program, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
3Center for Environmental Remote
Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
4Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas
Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
5Department of Geomatics Engineering, Politeknik
Negeri Batam, Batam, Indonesia
Diserahkan:
17 Disember 2022/Diterima: 14 Ogos 2023
Abstract
Rupat Island is the outermost part of Indonesia which
borders Malaysia. This island is part of Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province,
located at 02° 4.911'N-101° 27,191'E. This study uses primary data from field
observations and secondary data in Landsat 7ETM+ Time Series image data and
other supporting data. The descriptive method is carried out in the form of geological
interpretation in the field, determination of validation points and then
analysis using GIS/visual interpretation to obtain shoreline changes that
occurred in the northern part of Rupat Island from the year 2000 to 2017.
Additional data used were sea current and pattern and wind direction and speed.
Validation points are used to obtain detailed calculations related to this
coastline change: Tanjung Api area to Teluk Rhu and Tanjung Lapin get the
measurement results experienced the most accretion occurred in 2013 was 167.21
m, and the most abrasion in 2016 was 72.77 m. The biggest change occurred in
2013 when the accretion occurred at 375.5 Ha, and the most abrasion occurred in
2014 at 50.63 Ha. Meanwhile, for shoreline changes, the minimum annual coastline
length in 2004 was 19.04 km, and the normal coastline length in 2015 was 28.26
km. The maximum length of the coastline occurred in 2013 was 36.53 km.
Keywords: Abrasion;
accretion; border of Indonesia - Malaysia; geological mapping;
coastline changes; Landsat 7 ETM
Abstrak
Pulau Rupat adalah
bahagian paling luar Indonesia yang bersempadan dengan Malaysia. Pulau ini
merupakan sebahagian daripada Kabupaten Bengkalis, Wilayah Riau, terletak pada 02° 4.911'N-101° 27,191'E. Kajian ini menggunakan data
primer daripada pemerhatian lapangan dan data sekunder daripada data imej Landsat 7 ETM + Siri Masa dan data sokongan lain. Kaedah
deskriptif dijalankan dalam bentuk interpretasi geologi di lapangan, penentuan
titik pengesahan dan seterusnya analisis menggunakan GIS/interpretasi visual
untuk mendapatkan perubahan garis pantai yang berlaku di bahagian utara Pulau
Rupat dari tahun 2000 hingga 2017. Data tambahan yang digunakan ialah arus dan
corak laut serta arah dan kelajuan angin. Titik pengesahan digunakan untuk
mendapatkan pengiraan terperinci berkaitan perubahan garis pantai ini: Kawasan
Tanjung Api ke Teluk Rhu dan Tanjung Lapin mendapat hasil pengukuran yang mengalami penambahan paling banyak, berlaku pada tahun 2013 ialah 167.21 m, dan lelasan
paling banyak pada tahun 2016 iaitu 72.77 m. Perubahan terbesar berlaku pada
tahun 2013 apabila pertambahan berlaku pada 375.5 ha
dan lelasan paling banyak berlaku pada tahun 2014 iaitu 50.63 ha.
Manakala bagi perubahan garis pantai, panjang garis pantai tahunan minimum pada
tahun 2004 ialah 19.04 km dan panjang garis pantai biasa pada tahun 2015 ialah
28.26 km. Panjang maksimum garis pantai yang berlaku pada tahun 2013 ialah
36.53 km.
Kata kunci: Landsat 7
ETM; lelasan;
pemetaan geologi; pertambahan; perubahan garis pantai; Sempadan
Indonesia – Malaysia
RUJUKAN
Abd Hamid,
M., Md Sah, A.S.R., Idris, I., Mohd Nor, S.A., Abdul Ghaffar, M., Casey Ngo,
S.P. & Mod Husin, S. 2023. The diversity and distribution of fish at the
port and urbanized areas of Pulau Pinang Strait, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 52(4): 1047-1058. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5204-02
Al-Dubai,
T.A., Antoni, S., Al-Zubieri, A.G. & Majeed, J. 2017. Composition and
characteristic of the surficial sediments in the southern corniche of Jeddah,
Red Sea Coast. Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and
Technology 2: 1. https://doi.org/10.24273/jgeet.2017.2.1.19
Alesheikh,
A.A., Ghorbanali, A. & Nouri, N. 2007. Coastline change detection using
remote sensing. International Journal of Environmental Science and
Technology 4: 61-66. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325962
Amor, G.,
Hanif, M., Yulfa, A., Hidayat, R.A. & Indrayani, P. 2022. Spatial modeling
of tidal flood due to the fishpond to tidal waves in Bengkalis, Indonesia. In Proceedings
of the International Conference on Radioscience, Equatorial Atmospheric Science
and Environment and Humanosphere Science, 2021, Springer Proceedings in Physics 275, edited by Yulihastin, E., Abadi, P., Sitompul, P. & Harjupa, W.
Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0308-3_72
Amukti, R.,
Adji, A.S. & Ruslan, S. 2020. Analysis of shoreline shift using satellite
imagery near Makassar City. Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment,
and Technology 5(3): 133-138. https://doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2020.5.3.5111
Ashton, A.,
Murray, A.B. & Arnault, O. 2001. Formation of coastline features by
large-scale instabilities induced by high-angle waves. Nature 414:
296-300. https://doi.org/10.1038/35104541
Daryabor,
F., Tangang, F. & Juneng, L. 2014. Simulation of southwest monsoon current
circulation and temperature in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Sains
Malaysiana 43(3): 389-398.
Kausarian,
H., Sri Sumantyo, J.T., Kuze, H., Aminuddin, J. & Waqar, M.M. 2017.
Analysis of polarimetric decomposition, backscattering coefficient, and sample
properties for identification and layer thickness estimation of silica sand
distribution using L-band synthetic aperture radar. Canadian Journal of
Remote Sensing 43(2): 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.2017.1286935
Kausarian,
H., Sumantyo, J.T.S., Kuze, H., Karya, D. & Panggabean, G.F. 2016. Silica
sand identification using ALOS PALSAR full polarimetry on the northern
coastline of Rupat Island, Indonesia. International Journal on Advanced
Science Engineering and Information Technology 6(5): 568-573.
https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.5.92
Limber, P.W.
& Murray, A.B. 2011. Beach and sea-cliff dynamics as a driver of long-term
rocky coastline evolution and stability. Geology 39(12): 1147-1150.
https://doi.org/10.1130/G32315.1
Liu, Y.,
Huang, H., Qiu, Z. & Fan, J. 2013. Detecting coastline change from
satellite images based on beach slope estimation in a tidal flat. International
Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 23: 165-176.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2012.12.005
Lubis, M.Z.,
Anurogo, W., Hanafi, A., Kausarian, H., Taki, H.M. & Antoni, S. 2018.
Distribution of benthic habitat using Landsat-7 Imagery in shallow waters of
Sekupang, Batam Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19(3): 1117-1122.
https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190346
Maulana, L.,
Syamsunasir, S., Suwarno, P. & Aris, T. 2022. Global warming and its impact
on mangrove land degradation on the north coast of Bengkalis Island, Riau
Province. Journal of Agriculture 1(02): 31-39.
https://doi.org/10.47709/joa.v1i02.1574
Mohd, F.A.,
Maulud, K.N.A., Begum, R.A., Selamat, S.N. & Karim, O.A. 2018. Impact of
shoreline changes to Pahang coastal area by using geospatial technology. Sains
Malaysiana 47(5): 991-997. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4705-14
Moslim,
N.H., Mokhtar, N.A., Zubairi, Y.Z. & Hussin, A.G. 2021. Understanding the
behaviour of wind direction in Malaysia during monsoon seasons using replicated
functional relationship in von mises distribution. Sains Malaysiana 50(7): 2035-2045. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5007-18
Mubarak, M.
2018. Coastline changes in North Bengkalis Island, Indonesia: Satellite imagery
analysis and observation. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 5(2): 1127-1132. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2018.052.1127
Nasution,
S., Effendi, I., Nedi, S. & Mardalisa, M. 2021. Species diversity of marine
bivalves from the Strait of Rupat Island Riau Province, Indonesia. IOP
Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 934: 012071.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/934/1/012071
Ondara, K.
& Purnawan, S. 2021. Numerical models of hydrodynamics and marine debris in
the Malacca Strait. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 869: 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012053
Ondara, K.,
Dhiauddin, R., Wisha, U.J. & Rahmawan, G.A. 2020. Hydrodynamics features
and coastal vulnerability of Sayung sub-district, Demak, Central Java,
Indonesia. Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 5(1): 32-39. https://doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2020.5.1.3996
Ratri,
D.A.R., Mizuno, K. & Martono, D.N. 2021. The effectiveness of breakwaters
decreasing the peat shoreline change in Bengkalis Island. IOP Conference
Series: Earth and Environmental Science 802(1): 012007.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/802/1/012007
Rifardi,
Isty, H.T. & Wati, R.A. 2021. The geomorphological dynamic of the Rupat
Strait on the east coast of Central Sumatera Island, Indonesia. Journal of
Southwest Jiaotong University 56(1).
https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.1.8
Sandhyavitri,
A., Fatnanta, F. & Husaini, R.R. 2020. Identification and prioritization of
coastal vulnerability areas based on coastal vulnerability indexes (CVI) and
analytical hierarchy process (AHP). AIP Conference Proceedings 2230:
040002. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0005007
Sanjaume, E.
& Pardo-Pascual, J.E. 2005. Erosion by human impact on the Valencian
coastline (E of Spain). Journal of Coastal Research SPEC. ISSUE
49(Coastal Erosion): 76-82.
Sarah, S.,
Aris, T., Wiranto, S. & Purwanto, P. 2022. Government’s efforts to minimize
the threat of coastline changes on the north coast of Bengkalis Island. Jurnal
Pamator: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Trunojoyo 15(1): 113-124.
https://doi.org/10.21107/pamator.v15i1.14260
Sauti, N.S.,
Daud, M.E., Kaamin, M. & Remali, N. 2021. Geospatial technology in
potential analysis and mapping of tsunami risk at West Coast Peninsular
Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 50(4): 929-943.
https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5004-05
Syamsul
Rizal, Damm, P., A. Wahid, M., Sundermann, J., Yopi Ilhamsyah, Taufiq Iskandar
& Muhammad. 2012. General circulation in the Malacca Strait and Andaman
Sea: A numerical model study. American Journal of Environmental Sciences 8(5):
479-488.
Sui, L.,
Wang, J., Yang, X. & Wang, Z. 2020. Spatial-temporal characteristics of
coastline changes in Indonesia from 1990 to 2018. Sustainability
(Switzerland) 12(8): 32-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083242
Tampubolon,
H. 2022. Shoreline change cause of abrasion in Bantan district Bengkalis Island
as the outstanding beach area. Proceedings of the Second International
Conference of Construction, Infrastructure, and Materials. Lecture Notes
in Civil Engineering 216, edited by Lie, H.A., Sutrisna, M., Prasetijo, J.,
Hadikumuso, B.H. & Putranto, L.S. Singapore: Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7949-0_4
Tew, Y.L.,
Tan, M.L., Samat, N., Mahamud, M.A. & Chun, K.P. 2022. Analysis of the
relationship between climate change and land use change using the ESA CCI land
cover maps in Sungai Kelantan Basin, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana 51(2):
437-449. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5102-09
Yasir, M.,
Sheng, H., Fan, H., Nazir, S., Niang, A.J., Salauddin, M. & Khan, S. 2020.
Automatic coastline extraction and changes analysis using remote sensing and
GIS technology. IEEE Access 8: 180156-180170.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3027881
Yun, W.Y.,
Yeok, F.S., Youshao, W., Lu, D., Limi, M. & Lai, G.T. 2022. Spatiotemporal dispersal
study of mangrove Avicennia marina and Rhizophora apiculata propagules. Sains Malaysiana 51(8): 2351-2364.
https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-02
Zhang, Y.
& Hou, X. 2020. Characteristics of coastline changes on Southeast Asia
Islands from 2000 to 2015. Remote Sensing 12(3): 519.
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030519
Zhang, Y.,
Li, D., Fan, C., Xu, H. & Hou, X. 2021. Southeast Asia Island coastline
changes and driving forces from 1990 to 2015. Ocean and Coastal Management 215: 105967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105967
*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: husnulkausarian@eng.uir.ac.id
|
|||
|
